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Tissue Repair & Anti-Inflammatory

BPC-157

Gastric-derived 15-amino-acid peptide with strong animal data for tendon, muscle and gut healing; human evidence is minimal.

RestrictedEvidence level 2 of 5: Animal data, minimal humanAlso: Body Protection Compound-157, PL 14736, Bepecin, PL-10

Overview

BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide based on a sequence from a protective protein in human gastric juice. It is one of the most studied repair peptides in animals, where it accelerates healing of tendons, ligaments, muscle, bone and the gut lining, and protects blood vessels and organs from a wide range of injuries. Its effects appear to run through new blood vessel growth (VEGFR2 signaling), the nitric oxide system, growth-hormone receptor expression in fibroblasts and faster cell migration. It is unusually stable in stomach acid, so oral forms are used for gut conditions. Human evidence, however, is limited to small uncontrolled series. Because it promotes angiogenesis, it is avoided in people with active or recent cancer.

Classification
Synthetic pentadecapeptide (15 aa) derived from a gastric protective protein
Route
Subcutaneous or intramuscular near injury; oral for GI use
Half-life
Not established in humans; animal PK suggests a short plasma half-life with longer tissue effects

Mechanism of action

Primary targetVEGFR2–Akt–eNOS angiogenesis axis and nitric oxide system
  1. SC or oral dosingStable in gastric juice; injected near injury or taken orally for gut targets.
  2. VEGFR2 and eNOS activationEndothelial signaling increases nitric oxide and new capillary growth.
  3. Angiogenesis at injuryRestored blood supply delivers oxygen and repair cells to damaged tissue.
  4. GH receptor upregulationTendon fibroblasts express more growth hormone receptors, amplifying anabolic signaling.
  5. Fibroblast migration, collagenFaster cell migration and organized collagen deposition rebuild matrix.
Downstream effects
  • Tendon and ligament repair
  • Gut mucosal healing
  • Vascular protection

Researched for

  • Tendon and ligament injury
  • Muscle tears
  • Inflammatory bowel disease and ulcers
  • Interstitial cystitis
  • Post-surgical recovery

Research notes

  • Over 100 rodent studies (Sikiric group) report accelerated tendon, muscle, bone and GI healing; most come from a single research group.
  • Lee & Padgett (2021): retrospective series of 12 patients reported knee-pain relief after intra-articular injection; uncontrolled.
  • Small 2024–2025 pilot studies (interstitial cystitis; IV safety in 2 adults) reported no serious adverse events.
  • A Phase 1 trial (PL 14736) in the 2010s was never published; no completed human RCTs exist.

Reported side effects

  • Injection-site redness or pain
  • Nausea (oral)
  • Headache or dizziness
  • Possible blood-pressure changes (theoretical, NO-mediated)

Contraindications & cautions

  • Active cancer or malignancy within 5 years (angiogenic)
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding
  • Active proliferative diabetic retinopathy
  • Competitive athletes (WADA-prohibited)

Lab monitoring

  • CBC, CMP
  • CRP, ESR
  • Vitamin D (25-OH)
  • Imaging of injured area if structural injury
  • Baseline pain and function scores

Dosing and pricing for BPC-157

Dosing references and compound pricing are available to established patients in the secure portal after a medical evaluation.

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