Peptide Academy
The blog.
105 articles written for patients who want the evidence — what is proven, what is promising and what is hype.
105 articles
Glutathione: The Master Antioxidant in Modern Medicine
Glutathione is a small molecule made inside nearly every cell, and it is the body's main intracellular antioxidant. It neutralizes reactive oxygen species, recycles other antioxidants, and helps the liver process drugs and…
· 5 min read
Selank and Semax: Russia's Cognitive Peptides Examined
Selank and Semax are short synthetic peptides developed in Russia and approved there as medicines: Selank for anxiety, and Semax for stroke recovery and certain cognitive disorders. Both are typically given as nasal sprays and…
· 5 min read
Telomeres and Biological Age: What You Can Actually Influence
Telomeres and biological age are linked: telomeres are protective caps on chromosomes that shorten as cells divide, and shorter telomeres are associated, on average, with older biological age and higher disease risk. But…
· 5 min read
Heat Shock Proteins and Sauna Therapy
Heat shock proteins are protective "chaperone" proteins that cells produce under stress, including the heat of a sauna, to help keep other proteins folded correctly and clear damaged ones. Regular sauna use raises heat shock…
· 4 min read
Lab Testing Before Longevity or Peptide Discussions
Lab testing before peptide therapy or any longevity plan is not a formality; it is the step that decides whether optimization makes sense at all. Blood work identifies treatable disease, sets a baseline for measuring change,…
· 5 min read
How Internal Medicine Supports Long-Term Health Optimization
Internal medicine supports long-term health optimization by providing the foundation every other intervention depends on: an accurate diagnosis, a clear picture of your risk, and a safe medication plan. Before anyone talks…
· 5 min read
Polypharmacy in Aging Adults: Deprescribing Strategies
Polypharmacy in aging adults, usually defined as regularly taking five or more medications, increases the risk of falls, confusion, drug interactions, kidney injury and hospital admissions. Deprescribing is the careful,…
· 4 min read
CJC-1295 + Ipamorelin: The Growth Hormone Axis Explained
CJC-1295 and ipamorelin are two synthetic peptides that stimulate the pituitary gland to release more of the body's own growth hormone, and they are frequently promoted together as an anti-aging "stack." The biology behind…
· 6 min read
Metabolic Health Markers Every Adult Should Track
The metabolic health markers every adult should track are waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose and HbA1c, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol — plus, in my practice, fasting insulin, ApoB, liver enzymes and a…
· 5 min read
Peptide Reconstitution and Storage Guidelines
Peptide reconstitution and storage are safety steps, not technicalities. Many prescribed peptide medications arrive as a freeze-dried powder that must be mixed with a sterile diluent before use, and once mixed they become more…
· 5 min read
Why Self-Injecting Research Peptides Can Be Risky
Self-injecting research peptides is risky because these products are not made, tested, or labeled as medicines for people: their identity, purity, sterility and dose are unverified, and the person using them usually has had no…
· 5 min read
Gut Health and Systemic Inflammation
Gut health and inflammation are closely linked because the intestine is both the body's largest interface with the outside world and home to a large share of its immune system. When the gut barrier is damaged or the microbiome…
· 4 min read
All 105 articles A–Z
- 1-DHEA: Prohormone Science and Safety
- 5-Amino-1MQ: Metabolic Modulation Through NNMT Inhibition
- AOD-9604: The HGH Fragment Studied for Fat Loss
- Are Peptides FDA Approved? What Patients Need to Know
- Autophagy: Cellular Recycling for Longevity
- Biohacking vs Evidence-Based Optimization: Where's the Line?
- Blood Pressure Optimization Beyond Standard Targets
- Blue Light Blocking for Circadian Health
- BPC-157 Mechanism Explained: How the Body Protection Compound Works
- BPC-157: What the Evidence Does and Does Not Show
- Building Your Personal Health Dashboard
- Cardiovascular Risk Scoring: Coronary Calcium and Beyond
- Cerebrolysin: The Neurotrophic Peptide Complex for Brain Health
- Chronic Disease Prevention: The 10-Year Horizon
- CJC-1295 + Ipamorelin: The Growth Hormone Axis Explained
- Cold Exposure Therapy: Science and Safety
- Combining Peptides: Synergies and Interactions
- Cycling Protocols for Therapeutic Peptides: The Rationale
- DHH-B: The Botanical Anxiolytic Examined
- Dihexa: The Synaptogenic Peptide and Its Research Limits
- DSIP: The Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide
- Enclomiphene vs TRT: A Physician's Comparative Guide
- Endometriosis: An Internist's View of Inflammation, Diagnosis, and Care
- Epitalon: The Telomerase-Activating Longevity Peptide
- From Reactive to Proactive: What a Patient Transformation Looks Like
- GHK-Cu Injectable vs Topical: A Physician Comparison
- GHK-Cu: The Copper-Binding Tripeptide for Skin and Tissue
- GLP-1 Medications and Longevity: A Physician Perspective
- Glutathione: The Master Antioxidant in Modern Medicine
- Gut Health and Systemic Inflammation
- HCG for Fertility and Testosterone Support
- Heat Shock Proteins and Sauna Therapy
- Hormonal Aging Is Not Destiny: A Physician's Framework
- Hormone Optimization for Women Over 40
- How Internal Medicine Supports Long-Term Health Optimization
- Inflammation Biomarkers: hs-CRP, ESR, and Beyond
- Intermittent Fasting and Hormonal Health
- Internal Medicine vs Longevity Medicine: Why Both Matter
- iRGD: Tumor-Penetrating Peptide Research
- Iron Overload and Ferritin Optimization
- Khavinson Bioregulator Peptides: History, Claims, and Evidence
- Kisspeptin-10: HPG Axis Regulation and Reproductive Health
- KPV: The Anti-Inflammatory Tripeptide
- Lab Testing Before Longevity or Peptide Discussions
- Lipid Management: Beyond Statin Therapy
- LL-37: The Antimicrobial Peptide with Broad Therapeutic Potential
- Medication Interaction Screening: A Hidden Danger
- Melanotan II: Mechanism, Uses, and Safety Considerations
- Metabolic Health Markers Every Adult Should Track
- MK-677 (Ibutamoren): The Oral Growth Hormone Secretagogue Explained
- MOTS-c: The Mitochondrial-Derived Longevity Peptide
- NAD+ Therapy: Injections vs Capsules vs IV
- Peptide Quality Control: What to Look For
- Peptide Reconstitution and Storage Guidelines
- Peptide Therapy for Women: Special Considerations
- Peptides Alongside Regenerative Therapies: What Is and Isn't Known
- PNC-27: The Investigational Anti-Cancer Peptide
- Polypharmacy in Aging Adults: Deprescribing Strategies
- Prediabetes Reversal: Evidence-Based Strategies
- Preoperative Medical Clearance: What Internists Evaluate
- Preparing for Your First Longevity Consultation
- PT-141 (Bremelanotide): The FDA-Approved Sexual Health Peptide
- Second Opinions in Complex Medical Cases
- Selank and Semax: Russia's Cognitive Peptides Examined
- Senolytics vs Senomorphics: Clearing Zombie Cells
- Sleep Architecture and Hormonal Restoration
- SLU-PP-332: The Exercise-Mimetic Research Compound
- SS-31 (Elamipretide): The Mitochondrial Protector
- Stress and Cortisol Management in High Performers
- Subcutaneous Injection Technique for Peptide Therapy
- Supplements Worth Taking vs Marketing Hype
- TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4): The Science of Cellular Regeneration
- Telomeres and Biological Age: What You Can Actually Influence
- Tesamorelin: The FDA-Approved Peptide for Visceral Fat Reduction
- The Concierge Medicine Model: Why Cash-Pay Works
- The FDA 503A vs 503B Pharmacy Distinction
- The Future of Peptide Regulation in the United States
- The Impact of Alcohol on Hormone Optimization
- The Lab-First Approach to Personalized Medicine
- The Microbiome and Metabolic Health
- The Problem With 15-Minute Medicine
- The Role of Mitochondrial Health in Aging
- Thymosin Alpha-1: The Immune-Modulating Peptide with Global Approvals
- Thyroid Dysfunction: The Great Imitator
- Thyroid Optimization for Longevity
- Travel and Jet Lag: Physiological Recovery Strategies
- Travel Medicine for the Modern Adult
- Traveling with Peptides: TSA, Storage, and Documentation
- TRT Guide: What Patients Need to Know Before Starting
- TRT Monitoring: A Complete Physician Guide to Lab Tracking
- Understanding Compounding Pharmacy Regulations for Peptides
- Understanding IGF-1: The Anabolic Growth Factor
- Understanding Placebo in Optimization Medicine
- VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide): The Master Regulator
- Virtual Medicine: Quality Care Without the Office Visit
- Vitamin D: Science vs Hype
- What Are Peptides? A Physician's Evidence-Aware Overview
- What Makes a Safe Longevity Consultation?
- When to Say No: A Physician's Responsibility
- Why Annual Physicals Are Insufficient for Proactive Health
- Why I Chose Internal Medicine and Longevity Medicine
- Why Physician Supervision Matters Before Considering Peptides
- Why Self-Injecting Research Peptides Can Be Risky
- Zinc Thymulin: The Peptide Studied for Hair Regrowth
- Zone 2 Cardio: The Longevity Exercise Protocol
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